When it comes to maintaining overall health, few things are as impactful as regular exercise. Not only does it help us feel better, sleep more soundly, and function at our best, but it also plays a vital role in reducing the risk of serious diseases.

"Exercise is one of the most important activities we can engage in to maintain and improve our health," explains Jaquelyn Van Dam, MD, physical medicine and rehabilitation specialist at Lexington Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine. "Beyond the orthopaedic benefits, regular activity can reduce the risk of many cancers and lower the risk of heart disease and stroke."

The Risks of a Sedentary Lifestyle
A lack of movement can take a real toll on our bodies—especially our bones and joints. Being sedentary often leads to weight gain, stiffness, and weakness, which can contribute to orthopaedic pain.

"Inactivity can cause a loss of range of motion and strength around our joints, as well as a decline in balance that increases the risk for falls," Dr. Van Dam says. "As we get older, our metabolism slows, making it harder to maintain weight. Increasing lean muscle mass through strength training and aerobic exercise can help."

For those already experiencing joint discomfort, exercise is often part of the solution. "Joints that are starting to become arthritic will actually feel better when the muscles, tendons, and ligaments around them are strong and supportive," says Dr. Van Dam.

Why Exercise is a Prescription for Pain
When someone comes in with orthopaedic pain, movement is usually part of the treatment plan. "After addressing the painful joints, it's important to continue moving in ways that don't worsen symptoms," Dr. Van Dam notes.

Without exercise, patients risk losing joint mobility, strength, and overall health. That's why low-impact activities are often recommended, such as aqua therapy, cycling, chair yoga, or Pilates, paired with stretching and muscle-strengthening exercises like resistance band workouts or bodyweight training.

Best Exercises for Osteoarthritis
For those living with osteoarthritis, exercise remains a cornerstone of care—but with modifications.

"Depending on how severe the arthritis is, lower-impact aerobic exercises are usually the best place to start," says Dr. Van Dam. "Aquatic therapy is often ideal, while a recumbent stationary bike or brisk walking may also be excellent options. Walking, in particular, has the added social benefit of meeting a friend for exercise."

Strength training should also be part of the routine. Even simple movements, such as wall push-ups, modified planks, or resistance band exercises, can make a significant difference.

Other Treatment Options for Orthopaedic Pain
While exercise is foundational, it's not the only tool for managing orthopaedic pain. "We always start with the therapies that have the least side effects," Dr. Van Dam explains. These may include heat or ice, topical medications such as capsaicin or diclofenac gel, and the short-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen or naproxen.

If pain persists, injections, such as cortisone or viscosupplementation, may be considered. Surgery is reserved for more advanced arthritis, but when appropriate, it can be life-changing.

When to See a Provider
So how do you know when it's time to seek professional help? The answer lies in daily function.

"When you experience a loss of function in your daily life due to orthopaedic pain, it's time for an evaluation," Dr. Van Dam says. "Our goal is to help patients enjoy pain-free daily activities and hobbies—and that’s best achieved by working with a knowledgeable provider."


Jacquelyn F. Van Dam, MD, Lexington Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine