About 1 in 31 (3.2%) children aged 8 years has been diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder, according to the most recent estimates from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Elizabeth H. Dennison, MD, Lexington Pediatric Practice, answered our questions about why autism is trending upward and what parents should know.
Why has the incidence of autism risen in the past several decades?
The main reason we have noted an increase in the incidence of autism over the past several decades is due to earlier diagnosis. We now have better screening tools, which allow us to make an autism diagnosis earlier and, in turn, enroll children in appropriate therapies sooner.
How is autism diagnosed?
Physicians use standardized tests to diagnose autism. Usually, pediatricians perform screening tests at several well-child visits for young children and toddlers. If scores on these initial screening tests are elevated, indicating a possible risk for autism, we usually refer patients to community resources for further testing and diagnosis.
What are the early warning signs parents may notice?
Some things that parents may notice early on in children with autism include:
- Delayed speech
- Lack of eye contact
- Particular repetitive movements (hand flapping, finger movements near the eyes)
- Differences in social interactions with other children
Does autism run in families?
It certainly can. There are many research studies underway that are looking into the potential genetic component of autism.
Are there any environmental risk factors?
Some environmental risk factors for autism include exposure to some medications during pregnancy and complications during birth (lack of oxygen to the brain during birth, etc)
Do vaccines cause autism?
No, vaccines do not cause autism. There have been many scientific studies performed asking this question, and none have ever proven a link between vaccines and autism.
Is there anything else parents should know about autism?
If you have concerns about your child’s development or a potential autism diagnosis, please talk with your pediatrician. Earlier intervention is our goal with autism diagnoses, and your pediatrician can help get the appropriate evaluation and therapies in motion if necessary.
Elizabeth H. Dennison, MD, Lexington Pediatric Practice
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